Created by the Enduring Security Framework (ESF), a cross-sector working group seeking to mitigate the risks threatening the critical infrastructure and national security, the guidance provides recommendations for developers, suppliers, and organizations. In September, the three US agencies released the first part of the series, which included recommendations for developers looking to improve the software…

As cyberattacks have grown increasingly destructive, nations are entertaining the idea of responding to them with conventional military forces. It is difficult to determine how serious countries are when they threaten “kinetic” responses to digital attacks. Yet, the ambiguity over if or when cyberattacks should be answered with military force only increases the risk of…